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WNR2000v4 安装 OpenWRT

March 9, 2016 • 开源硬件,其他

5月18日更新


很多网友表示Telnet无法解锁,若你使用本教程成功解锁或遇到问题劳烦你在下面评论区留言,感谢!

背景


当初为了刷OpenWRT购入WNR2000,然而当时只有v1 - v3支持第三方固件,在JD上买的却是v4啊,收到货瞬间(目瞪口呆.jpg)。吃灰几个月拿出来用,突发奇想查一波OpenWRT WIKI,果真已经支持了WNR2000v4。然而网上并没有详细教程啊..即立此坑

原理


大概流程:
1.通过Telnet访问路由
2.本地计算机搭建TFTP服务器
3.从下载存在TFTP的Uboot和固件
4.替换Unlock的Uboot以及OpenWRT

关于Uboot:Uboot是德国DENX小组开发、用于嵌入式CPU的Bootloader,它支持10多种不同的操作系统(包括x86架构)。其小巧速度快,已经成为了Atheros(高通)和Ralink(联发科)产品的标配引导系统,并且在所有嵌入式的引导系统中市场占有率最大。

A31B296A-8F7E-4F41-BDD3-C2323BA0391B.png

所需准备


1.更新路由固件到1.0.0.58
WNR2000v4-Stock-Firmware version 1.0.0.58

2.下载修改好的uboot
uboot_env_bootcmd_nocrc.backup

3.下载 openwrt for wnr2000v4 并 将其更名为sysupgrade.bin
openwrt-15.05-ar71xx-generic-wnr2000v4-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin

4.[重要]使用网线连接路由器并将你的计算机ip设置为'192.168.1.10'

使用python发送UDP


需要使用telnet对路由执行刷机指令,所以刷机的门槛就在能否用telnet连接路由。Netgear的路由默认是打开了telnet:23端口的,可是无法直接访问,需要解锁。不同路由的解锁方法不同,这里我们使用Github提供的 telnetenable.py 发送UDP解锁。

https://github.com/insanid/netgear-telenetenable

此处需要使用 pycrypto 库

pip install pycrypto

telnetenable.py

# Copyright (c) 2009 Paul Gebheim
# 
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
# 
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
# 
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.

import sys
import socket
import array
from optparse import OptionParser
from Crypto.Cipher import Blowfish
from Crypto.Hash import MD5

TELNET_PORT = 23

# The version of Blowfish supplied for the telenetenable.c implementation
# assumes Big-Endian data, but the code does nothing to convert the
# little-endian stuff it's getting on intel to Big-Endian
#
# So, since Crypto.Cipher.Blowfish seems to assume native endianness, we need
# to byteswap our buffer before and after encrypting it
#
# This helper does the byteswapping on the string buffer
def ByteSwap(data):
  a = array.array('i')
  if(a.itemsize < 4):
    a = array.array('L')
  
  if(a.itemsize != 4):
    print "Need a type that is 4 bytes on your platform so we can fix the data!"
    exit(1)

  a.fromstring(data)
  a.byteswap()
  return a.tostring()

def GeneratePayload(mac, username, password=""):
  # eventually reformat mac
  mac = mac.replace(":","").upper()

  # Pad the input correctly
  assert(len(mac) < 0x10)
  just_mac = mac.ljust(0x10, "\x00")

  assert(len(username) <= 0x10)
  just_username = username.ljust(0x10, "\x00")
  
  assert(len(password) <= 0x21)
  just_password = password.ljust(0x21, "\x00")

  cleartext = (just_mac + just_username + just_password).ljust(0x70, '\x00')
  md5_key = MD5.new(cleartext).digest()

  payload = ByteSwap((md5_key + cleartext).ljust(0x80, "\x00"))
  
  secret_key = "AMBIT_TELNET_ENABLE+" + password

  return ByteSwap(Blowfish.new(secret_key, 1).encrypt(payload))


def SendPayload(ip, payload):
  for res in socket.getaddrinfo(ip, TELNET_PORT, socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_IP):
    af, socktype, proto, canonname, sa = res
    try:
      s = socket.socket(af, socktype, proto)
    except socket.error, msg:
      s = None
      continue

    try:
      s.connect(sa)
    except socket.error, msg:
      s.close()
      s= None
      continue
    break

  if s is None:
    print "Could not connect to '%s:%d'" % (ip, TELNET_PORT)
  else:
    s.send(payload)
    s.close()
    print "Sent telnet enable payload to '%s:%d'" % (ip, TELNET_PORT)
  
def main():
  args = sys.argv[1:]
  if len(args) < 3 or len(args) > 4:
    print "usage: python telnetenable.py <ip> <mac> <username> [<password>]"

  ip = args[0]
  mac = args[1]
  username = args[2]

  password = ""
  if len(args) == 4:
    password = args[3]

  payload = GeneratePayload(mac, username, password)
  SendPayload(ip, payload)

main()

执行 telnetenable.py 路由ip 路由MAC地址(大写并去除 ":" ) 路由用户 密码

Example:

python telnetenable.py 192.168.1.1 00405E21144E admin password

Screen Shot 2016-03-08 at 11.46.50 PM.png

发送成功后会返回 『Sent telnet enable payload to ip』

搭建TFTP服务器


我们登录telnet后,需要在telnet(路由)获取计算机上的下载好的Uboot和固件。于是就需要搭建供telnet访问的TFTP服务器,具体方法见谷歌。然后将Uboot和固件放在TFTP根目录。

获取文件&&刷机


1.刷入Unlock Uboot

cd /tmp
tftp -g -r uboot_env_bootcmd_nocrc.backup 192.168.1.10 69
mtd -f write uboot_env_bootcmd_nocrc.backup u-boot-env 

2.刷入OpenWrt固件

tftp -g -r sysfsupgrade.bin 192.168.1.10 69
mtd -f -r write sysfsupgrade.bin firmware

Screen Shot 2016-03-08 at 11.55.16 PM.png

当一切完成后,路由会自动重启

进入OpenWrt


继续使用网线连接,并在浏览器打开'192.168.1.1'

Screen Shot 2016-03-09 at 12.26.30 AM.png

设置使用中文界面,需要在'软件包'-'过滤器'输入chinese,然后安装luci-i18n-base-zh-cn

Screen Shot 2016-03-09 at 12.31.51 AM.png

Last Modified: May 19, 2022
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